Every research study is built on a research framework. The research framework helps organise and locate the key ideas of the study. It not only holds the study together, but it also directs the research journey. If you are a student, researcher, or someone who is simply curious as to how research studies are developed, then this guide will present some of the best steps on developing a research framework.   

In this blog, we will discuss what a research framework is, the types of research frameworks, and how to develop one in simple and easy steps. 

What Is A Research Framework? 

A research framework is a systematic process that outlines the scope of the research, the variables, and the relationship within those variables. The framework also gives researchers a format for developing research questions, collecting data, and analysing results. It also sets in motion how the research process will be started and carried out. All of these aspects are important components in carrying out research. 

There are three types of research frameworks: 

Theoretical Framework: These are theoretical ideas or theories that provide a framework for research. For example, an architecture student might use “Pattern language” theory, created by Christopher Alexander, to analyse an urban design. 

Conceptual Framework: This framework focuses on the researcher's ideas, models, and variables that would define the hypothesis of the research. For example, a conceptual framework in interior design could examine how cultural issues influence and inform spatial layouts.  

Methodological or Analytical Framework: These frameworks focus specifically on methodologies or tools for data collection and analysis. For example, a graphic design student might use a qualitative framework like thematic analysis to study user feedback on the designs of website interfaces. 

How To Develop A Research Framework For Your Study? 

Identify Your Research Problem 

Every research study must begin with you identifying the problem or question that you are trying to address. Students and researchers must ask themselves these questions before beginning their research: 

What am I trying to solve or understand? 

What are the main objectives of this research? 

Why is this topic important? 

Who will benefit from this study? 

For example, if you are trying to understand the effect of social media on the productivity of a student, then you must frame your question/problem as “What are the side effects of social media on the academic performance of a student?”

Examine Literature Review 

Prior to developing or selecting a suitable framework to undertake your research, review the existing literature review, i.e., examine the research that has already been conducted on your selected topic. This will not only assist you in identifying the gaps in knowledge, but also help you determine what has already been studied, and to seek some relevant models or theories that have been applied. 

You should consider using reputable sources of information, such as journal articles, books, and research studies, to gain insights and craft your research paper properly. 

Define Variables 

Variables are the most important components of your research. It is necessary to define them so that the relationship between them can be explained. There are two main types: 

Independent Variable: The factors that influence or cause a change. (e.g., social media usage) 

 

Dependent Variable: The factor that is affected, such as a student’s academic performance.   

Choose a Relevant Theory 

If your research requires a theoretical framework, find a suitable theory that matches your research study. Theories help in understanding and explaining the relationship between variables. 

For instance, if a student is researching communication, then Shannon and Weaver’s Model of Communication can be applied. 

Decide Your Research Methodology 

Based on your research study, you must choose your research design and how to collect the data or define your research methodology. For qualitative research, you may use interviews, case studies, or make observations. On the other hand, quantitative research may use surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis. Your choice is based on the nature of the study and what type of data you need.   

Develop A Hypothesis 

A hypothesis is a speculative statement that predicts a relationship between two variables and is part of your research framework. As an example, you might say, “Higher social media usage results in lower academic performance.” 

Here, this statement states the relationship between a dependent and an independent variable.  

Ask For Feedback 

Now that your research framework is established, it is time to gain feedback from your colleagues and other researchers to improve it. You can make adjustments and clarify the hypothesis to be more suitable for your research study. 

Final Thoughts 

By integrating research frameworks into their projects, students and researchers can develop well-organised, structured, systematic, and impactful research studies adhering to the highest academic standards. Research frameworks are useful because of their clarity and systematic planning of research, in addition to increased validity and reliability of your findings. Another option for structuring your research is to utilise an online professional research proposal writing service that offers students additional help and guides them towards successful research studies.